Grow Guinea Pig Food in Your Garden

Plant a Guinea Pig Garden: Food You Can Grow for Your Pet Cavy

Plant a Guinea Pig Garden: Food You Can Grow for Your Pet Cavy

Fresh vegetables are one of the most important parts of your guinea pig’s diet. They provide variety, nutrients, and essential Vitamin C. If you’re getting sick of running to the grocery store for your piggies’ veggies or worried about pesticides and freshness, you can grow the veggies yourself. Freshly picked vegetables and lettuces have more vitamins, which quickly degrade after harvesting. This is a great way to save money and start a relaxing outdoor hobby.

If you don’t have a yard for a traditional garden, many of these plants can be grown in containers on a porch or balcony. If you have a sunny window or grow lights, some plants can be grown inside year-round. While you could technically grow almost any fruit or veggie that your guinea pig loves, this article focuses on plants that are easy to grow for gardening newbies.

If you want to allow your piggies to graze and forage directly in your yard, you can plant a patch of grass, greens, and herbs and take them outside to eat directly from.

Vegetables to Grow for Your Guinea Pig

Your guinea pig’s diet should consist of 1 cup of fresh vegetables per day, with most of it being lettuces and leafy greens. They can also have fruit occasionally as a treat. Learn more about a healthy guinea pig diet.

Herbs

If you’re just starting out with gardening or have limited space to work with, herbs are the perfect place to start. Most herbs are incredibly easy to grow and often are best grown in containers. They can also be grown indoors year-round with proper lighting. We recommend compact hydroponic garden systems to easily grow herbs in your kitchen.

Basil – One of my favorite herbs, it’s often beloved by guinea pigs too! You can grow basil in a traditional garden bed, in containers, or even indoors. They do best in bright sunlight and grow really well in the summer. Extend the plant’s life by pinching off the buds at the top before the basil flowers. Your guinea pig can eat the flowers in addition to the leaves and stems.

Cilantro – Good for piggies and good for your guacamole, Cilantro is easy to grow as well. Plant it wherever you please (garden bed, pot, or indoors). Unlike other herbs on this list, you will need to sow new seeds every few weeks to ensure a continuous harvest.

Dill – If you’ve ever grown dill, then you know why they call it “dillweed.” We recommend growing it in containers because dill self-seeds and can easily take over a garden bed (or even your yard!). Many piggies will wheek just at the scent of fresh dill! (Learn All About Growing Dill)

Grow Guinea Pig Food in Your Garden

Lemon Balm – Lemon balm is an easy to grow herb that doesn’t need a lot of sunlight, making it a good choice for many gardeners. This lemony plant has a hint of mint scent that some piggies love. It benefits from being cut back periodically, so you’ll have plenty of harvest for your pet. Since it doesn’t have runners, you can plant it safely in your garden bed or use a pot.

Mint – This fragrant herb is a tasty option many cavies enjoy. It’s great for beginner gardeners because it’s extremely easy to grow. But, that trait also means it spreads like a weed, so don’t plant weed directly in your garden bed or yard. Plant mint in a pot and you can take it indoors during winter to keep up

Parsley – A great staple for your guinea pig’s diet, parsley is another easy to grow herb. Plant a patch in your garden or grow it in pots. You can easily grow it year-round with a sunny windowsill or supplemental lighting. As the plant grows, you can cut stems from the outside of the plant, allowing it to continue producing all season long.



Greens

Growing fresh greens for your piggies is a great way to provide them with a healthy mix of lettuces for their daily salads. I generally recommend greens that don’t grow in heads for new gardeners because they’re a bit easier to grow and can be harvested throughout the season. Many of these greens can be grown in containers or indoors with grow lights.

Arugula – This tasty leafy green is easy to grow in your garden or in a container. As a cool-weather crop, arugula grows best in spring and fall. Since they like full sun and partial shade, it works well to plant arugula between rows taller plants like tomatoes that can shade it during hot summer months.

Cucumber – A little bit trickier to grow, cucumbers are loved by so many guinea pigs that it’s worth trying. Pick a compact cucumber variety to grow in a container or your garden like the spacemaster or bush varieties. Cucumbers are thirsty plants, so make sure they’re well watered during hot summer months. If grown in a container, a self-watering one may be best.

Dandelions – Harvest this weed from your pesticide-free yard or grow some specifically for your piggies. Since dandelion is a weed, it’s super easy to grow. Guinea pigs can eat dandelion greens and flowers.

Kale – Another cool weather crop, Kale is grown similarly to arugula. Because of its hardiness, it’s great to grow in areas with a shorter season. Kale generally grows best in garden beds.

Plant a Guinea Pig Garden: Food You Can Grow for Your Pet Cavy

Red/Green Leaf Lettuce – While it’s mostly sold in heads at the grocery store, red and green leaf lettuce can also be grown to harvest as young greens. Instead of planting in traditional rows, sow the seeds thickly and you’ll get a ton of tender, young leaves. To harvest, trim the leaves a few inched above the soil. The lettuce will regrow for two or three more harvests. Since lettuce is a cool-weather crop, plant in a shady garden bed or pot.

Wheatgrass – Frequently grown for humans and cats, cavies love wheatgrass, too! Easy to grow indoors, this is a great way to offer a fresh grass supplement in addition to dry hay. If you want to grow inside, you’ll just need a shallow container (a small window box works great) and some potting soil. Harvest with scissors and the grass will regrow, providing a continuous supply.

Zucchini – If you’ve got the space in a garden bed for zucchini, one plant can give you a bumper crop. Plant in full sun and they will produce a large amount of squash in July and August.


Vegetables

These tasty veggies can add variety to your guinea pig’s diet so they don’t get bored. They’re also easy to grow at home!

Green Bell Peppers – Bell peppers are easy to grow in hot summer weather. In my experience, they’ve grown best in garden beds, but you can grow one pepper plant in a 5-gallon container. Make sure the plant gets full sun and you’ll have plenty of peppers for you and your piggies.

Cherry Tomatoes – One of the easiest types of tomatoes to grow, cherry tomatoes are also perfectly sized to give to a guinea pig. Cherry tomatoes can be grown in a container in a sunny spot (we recommend a five gallon pot) or in your garden. There’s nothing better than fresh tomatoes from the garden.

Grow Fruit for Guinea Pigs

While fruit is best as an occasional treat for guinea pigs, you can enjoy growing fresh fruit in your garden. Most fruit grows on trees or bushes, but these options don’t require a huge investment of space.

Blackberries – Growing on a vine that will produce year after year, your piggies can enjoy the fruit occasionally and the leaves. If you plant a thornless variety, that can eat the stems as well

Raspberries – Similar to blackberries, if you can commit to growing a vine you will have raspberries year after year. Go with a thornless variety so your piggies can enjoy the leaves and stems.

Strawberries – Can be grown by any gardener, regardless of space. They do great in containers and because of the runners they send out, it’s very easy to establish a strawberry patch that will come back year after year. Your guinea pig can eat the berries occasionally and the leaves as well.


If you need some gardening inspiration, check out My Guinea Pig Herd’s six sows munching in their dedicated guinea pig garden. If you have the space to grow a dedicated guinea pig garden, this is a great way to let your guinea pig forage for super fresh lettuce and veggies.


Learn more about a healthy guinea pig diet.

If you’re new to gardening, check out the essential gardening tools for beginners and 10 common beginer mistakes for container gardeners.

Healthy Veggies & Fruits for Guinea Pigs

Guinea Pig Food: Cavy Diet & Nutrition

Guinea Pig Food: Cavy Diet & Nutrition
The part of guinea pig care that will affect the health of your guinea pig most is the food that they eat. Like many other small pets, guinea pigs are herbivores. They also have a sensitive digestive system that has specific nutritional and eating requirements to function properly. Following our recommended guinea pig diet will help your cavy maintain a healthy weight and prevent other health issues. It’ll also make for a happy and active piggy!

This article covers everything you need to know about feeding your guinea pig a healthy and nutritionally complete diet. We cover what foods they should eat and how much they should have, as well as recommending the best brands of guinea pig foods. The whole article is filled with important information for guinea pig owners, but if you’re looking for specifics on a particular part of cavy diets, use the contents link to jump to that section.

Guinea Pig Diet & Nutrition

To help ensure a long and healthy life for your pet guinea pig, you want to make sure to provide for them a daily diet that includes these key components:

  • Fresh Water
  • Grass Hay
  • Guinea Pig Pellets
  • Fresh Vegetables
  • Vitamin C

Unlimited water and grass hay should be available to your guinea pig at all times. Usually, it’s easiest to provide cold, fresh water via a water bottle. Do not add vitamin C or other supplements to your guinea pig’s water (learn more about this in the section on Vitamin C for Guinea Pigs).

A guinea pig should also be fed a high-quality pellet daily to ensure they’re receiving the minimum necessary vitamin, minerals, and nutrients. The type of pellet given depends on a guinea pig’s age (see the next section on “Guinea Pig Age and Diet”). Fresh vegetables also help to round out a cavy’s diet, providing essential vitamin C and other nutrients.

While guinea pigs will get most of the nutrients they need from a good pellet and fresh vegetables, cavies cannot manufacture their own vitamin C, making them prone to scurvy. You may want to provide them with a vitamin C supplement to ensure consistency in their diet.

A Complete Adult Guinea Pig Diet

Guinea Pig Age and Diet

Baby and young guinea pigs have different dietary needs than adult cavies. Young guinea pigs that are still growing should eat an alfalfa-based pellet and can have alfalfa hay in addition to regular grass hay. Pregnant and nursing mothers should also eat a similar diet.

A guinea pig is considered “fully grown” once they reach six months of age. At that point, they should transition to an adult diet. Adult guinea pigs should have grass hay and a timothy hay-based pellet at the center of their diet. Alfalfa should only be given as a supplement if your guinea pig needs it or an occasional treat. The high calcium content can cause bladder stones in older guinea pigs.



Best Hay for Guinea Pigs

Hay is one of the most important parts of your guinea pig’s diet. This is because (like water) it should always be available for munching. A guinea pig’s digestive system is always moving, so they should have unlimited access to good quality hay to feed it. Eating hay also requires them to grind their teeth lightly, so it helps keep them from overgrowing as well. Hay is also essential for providing the necessary fiber needed by a piggy.

Best Hay for Guinea Pigs Healthy Diet

Most grass hays are similar in nutritional value. You may find your guinea pigs have a preferred variety. Feeding a mix is a great way to provide your guinea pig with variety and keep them from getting bored.

Recommend Guinea Pig Hay Types:

  • Timothy
  • Orchard Grass
  • Meadow Hay
  • Alfalfa Hay (under 6 months old only)

Alfalfa hay is only recommended for young guinea pigs or pregnant or nursing mothers. It can sometimes be given to malnourished adult piggies as a supplement, but should not be given as a replacement for grass hay. Alfalfa has high calcium content which can cause bladder stones in older guinea pigs.

You can purchase hay from pet stores or order them online. If you have the space to store it, buying in larger quantities is a great way to save money. Buying hay directly from a farm or feed store will cost less than hay from pet stores and the hay will also be fresher. When purchasing hay, make sure it is fresh. It should be green and smell fragrant, but not moldy.

You can provide hay in a wire or wooden hay rack to keep it clean and off the cage or pen floor.

Recommended Grass Hay Brands

Our recommendations include national brands you can find in pet stores or order on Amazon. We also have some farms that you can order from directly in larger quantities.

If you’re shopping for timothy hay for guinea pigs, you may have a choice of “cut” either first, second, or third cutting. These numbered cuttings refer to the crop of hay it came from during the growing season. Generally, the second cut is the best as it has a good balance of nutrients and fiber and is more uniform. Many owners prefer third cutting timothy hay, but it is rarer and during a bad season may not happen at all.

Oxbow Guinea Pig Hay

We are a huge fan of Oxbow, especially because they’re easy to buy for owners in the US. They are one of the best brands available in many pet stores and their hay is extremely easy to order online. They offer many varieties of hay that are great for small animals like guinea pigs. Their hay is grown in the USA and hand-selected to ensure a good quality product.

The options they offer for guinea pigs include:

Small Pet Select

Small Pet Select Timothy Hay for Guinea PigsSmall Pet Select is a great online distributer for hay for small pets. They only offer timothy hay and orchard grass, but both are a great option for guinea pigs.

One thing that Small Pet Select does differently, is they pack and ship their hay in a cardboard box, which is a better long-term storage option for keeping hay than a plastic bag. They offer timothy hay in 1st, 2nd, and 3rd cuttings.

Check out their hay for Guinea Pigs:

Farmer Dave Pet Supply

Farmer Dave Pet Supply Timothy Hay for Guinea PigsFarmer Dave is located in New York State and specializes in organic, high-quality pet supplies for small pet owners. His hay selection is unfortunately limited to timothy hay, but he offers it in 1st, 2nd, and 3rd cuttings. He also ships LARGE boxes of hay, great for guinea pig owners with a whole house of hungry piggies. Currently, he offers 10 lb., 25 lb., and 35 lb. boxes.

Fay’s Hay

Timothy Hay & Orchard Grass Blend for Guinea PigsIf you’re interested in buying guinea pig hay directly from a farmer but don’t need such large quantities, check out Fay’s Hay. Also located in New York State, Alicia Fay owns a small family farm that sells hay to large animal farms in the northeast. Now they offer their delicious guinea pig grass to small pet owners as well. All of their hay is pesticide and chemical-free, as well as naturally sun and wind dried on their farm.

They only sell timothy hay and orchard grass blend that has a small amount of clover, but it is available in 1st and 2nd cuttings, or a mixture of the two. Available sizes include 1 lb., 5 lbs., 10 lbs., and 20 lbs.


Guinea Pig Pellets

Guinea Pig PelletsWhen you walk into a pet store, you’re immediately bombarded with tons of guinea pig food options. Nuts, seeds, and brightly colored pellets call out to you. It can be overwhelming. Guinea pigs can’t eat any of that, so your shopping is about to get a lot easier.

Guinea pigs should only eat a plain, dye-free high-quality timothy hay-based pellet formulated with Vitamin C (no nuts, seeds, or colored pieces). When selecting a guinea pig food, look for a pellet with stabilized vitamin C. Make sure to check the “Best by” date to make sure it is fresh and store it in a dark cool place to preserve the vitamin C. Avoid pellets with a primary ingredient or corn and any made from animal byproducts.

Each adult guinea pig should eat approximately 1/8 a cup of pellets per day. As long as you are providing plenty of fresh hay and adequate vegetables (more on this in the next section), your piggies should not overeat.

Many guinea pig pellets are alfalfa based. These types should only be given to guinea pigs under 6 months of age or pregnant piggies.

Recommended Healthy Pellet Brands for Guinea Pigs

Choosing a proper guinea pig pellet will ensure your cavy is getting the minimum daily requirements for vitamins, minerals, and other nutrients in their diet.

Oxbow Essentials Adult Guinea Pig Pellets

It’s no surprise that Oxbow shows up in the article again! Available in many US pet stores and easy to order online, Oxbow also makes one of the best guinea pig foods available. Formulated especially for adult guinea pigs, this pellet is timothy hay based and fortified with stabilized vitamin C. They’ve formulated it to be lower in protein, calories, and calcium so it is healthier and won’t cause any problems for full grown piggies.

Sizes: 5 lbs, 25 lbs

 


Oxbow Essentials Young Guinea Pig Food

If you’ve got younger piggies to care for or pregnant or nursing mother, Oxbow makes a young guinea pig pellet. Similar to their adult food, these pellets are fortified with stabilized vitamin c, but the base is alfalfa.

These can be fed in unlimited quantities to piggies under 6 months old and pregnant or nursing mothers.


KMS Hayloft Guinea Pig Timothy Choice Pellets

If your piggies turn up their wiggly noses at Oxbow, KMS Hayloft pellets are an excellent alternative. Though you have to order them online. KMS Hayloft provides high quality pellets made from natural ingredients.

Designed for adult guinea pigs over six months of age, the timothy based pellets are infused with stabilized vitamin C. KMS Hayloft makes the pellets in small batches, so you know you’re getting a fresh batch when you order.

Healthy Veggies & Fruits for Guinea Pigs

Fresh vegetables are another essential part of a guinea pig’s diet. They’re a great source of vitamin C as well as providing a variety of other nutrients.

An adult guinea pig should eat about 1 cup total of vegetables per day. It’s best to provide veggies two or more times a day, making sure to remove uneaten vegetables from their enclosure.

Green leafy vegetables should make up the majority of each day’s “salad.” Fruits should be a small part of their diet, given sparingly as a treat. Check out our recommended fruit and veggie lists below.

Healthy Veggies & Fruits for Guinea Pigs

Each cavy has their own preferences and you will soon learn what veggies make them wheek with joy and which ones will be ignored. Guinea pigs enjoy variety, so make sure to mix up their “salads” occasionally to keep them interested. This will also ensure they’re getting a variety of nutrients in their diet.

Make sure to rinse vegetables thoroughly before you feed them to your guinea pig. Avoid feeding them wilted or spoiled veggies. Choose organic fruits and vegetables if you can afford them (or grow your own!).

A Note on Introducing New Foods to Your Guinea Pig: Cavy stomachs are delicate and they need to be introduced to new foods very slowly and only one new food at a time. When you introduce a new food, monitor their stool. If they have softer stools that persist over a couple days, do not continue the new food. Even though these lists include vegetables that are safe for guinea pigs, your piggy may not tolerate it or even like the veggies! Keep a list of their favorites to make shopping easy. If you have questions or concerns about your piggy’s diet, consult with a guinea pig-savvy veterinarian.

Leafy Greens

These should be the main part of your guinea pig’s veggie diet. Avoid watery lettuces, like iceberg lettuce, which are low in nutrients and can cause loose stools.

Greens with an asterisk* should only be fed occasionally.

  • Arugula (Rocket)
  • Chinese Cabbage (pak-choi)*
  • Grass (fresh and pesticide free)
  • Green Leaf Lettuce
  • Kale
  • Red Leaf Lettuce
  • Romaine Lettuce
  • Wheat Grass

Other Veggies

Vegetables with an asterisk* should only be fed ocassionally

  • Baby Carrot (every other day)
  • Basil
  • Broccoli Leaves*
  • Celery (cut in small pieces)
  • Chickweed (fresh)
  • Cilantro
  • Corn Silks & Husks*
  • Cucumber
  • Dandelions (fresh high in calcium)*
  • Dill
  • Green Bell Pepper (1/8 to 1/4 a pepper)
  • Lemon Balm
  • Mint
  • Parsley (high in calcium)*
  • Peeled Broccoli Stem*
  • Tomato (wedge or 1 cherry tomato)
  • Young Clover (fresh high in calcium)*
  • Zucchini

Fruits

Fruits should be given sparingly because of their high sugar content.

  • Apples
  • Banana
  • Blackberries
  • Blueberries
  • Cantaloupe
  • Cranberries
  • Grapes
  • Raspberries
  • Strawberries (can eat leaves too)
  • Watermelon

Veggies to Avoid

These items should be avoided in your guinea pig’s diet or fed in very small quantities. Any indicated with an asterisk* should not be fed to your cavy.

  • Broccoli (causes gas)
  • Brussels Sprouts (causes gas)
  • Cabbage (causes gas)
  • Cauliflower (causes gas)
  • Iceberg Lettuce*
  • Potatoes (especially not skins and eyes)*

Vitamin C for Guinea Pigs

Because guinea pigs do not manufacture their own vitamin C they are at risk of developing scurvy. Unlike old-timey pirates, you can easily prevent the condition in your pet by providing 10 to 30 mg/kg of vitamin C daily. Savy pet parents can easily provide this in the form of a healthy pellet diet and fresh vegetables, but you may want to use supplements to make sure your cavies get enough. We highly recommend providing a supplement for sick, young, nursing, and pregnant piggies since they need extra vitamin C.

Do not add vitamin C to your guinea pig’s water. This is often recommended by pet store employees, but overall is a bad choice for your pet. First, it makes it hard to monitor how much vitamin C your guinea pig gets, because each of your piggies may drink different amounts of water. Once the drops are added to the water, the ascorbic acid (water-soluble vitamin C) breaks down quickly, so your guinea pig won’t get the benefits. The drops also change the flavor of the water, which may make your pets drink less water.

Instead, we recommend either giving them a piece of a vitamin C tablet (25 mg worth of a chewable vitamin C tablet) or feeding them vitamin C drops directly. We recommend buying a 100 mg chewable vitamin C tablet. Cut it into quarters and give one to your guinea pig. Check your local health food stores for vitamin C in liquid form.

Guinea Pig Treats

This is another way that pet stores fail guinea pig owners. Walk down the aisle and you see tons of prep-packaged treats advertised for guinea pigs. And all of them are terrible for your beloved pets!

The only treats you should be feeding your guinea pigs are fresh veggies and an occasional small piece of fruit.

Do not feed yogurt drops, nut and seed treats, popped grains, “fiesta” toppers, or salt and mineral wheels.

Transitioning Guinea Pigs to New Foods and Diets

Sudden changes to your pet’s diet can cause illness and stomach issues. It’s good to gradually introduce them to new pellets, veggies, and fruits so you can monitor their reactions. It’s not uncommon for a diet change to cause soft poops (especially with fresh fruits and vegetables), but if it persists for more than a day, stop giving them the new food.

You should only introduce one new type of food at a time. This will make it easier to identify what food may be causing problems and help avoid upsetting your piggy’s tummy.

Introducing New Fruits & Vegetables to Your Guinea Pig

Guinea pigs are healthiest and happiest with variety in their diet. A varied “salad” each day will help keep them interested and ensure they’re getting a variety of nutrients.

To introduce new veggies to their diet, only add one at a time. Give them the new vegetable or fruit for three days in a row and monitor their stool. If you notice softer or runny stools, stop the new food. If after three days there’s no change in their poop, you can add the item to their regular salad rotation.

During this experimentation, you’ll probably discover there are some veggies your guinea pig doesn’t like. This is just a matter of personal taste, but experimenting like this will help you figure out what foods they like. Keep track of their favorites and it will help you plan a diverse fresh guinea pig diet.

Transitioning to New Guinea Pig Pellets

Consistency is best in a guinea pig’s diet. Once you have your piggies eating a pellet that is healthy and easy for you to buy, you hopefully won’t need to change it. When your guinea pig first comes home you may need to change their pellets to a healthy choice.

Changing a guinea pig’s pellets should be a slow transition while you’re not making any other changes to their diet. Make sure you have enough of the old guinea pig food on hand to get through the transition period. While you’re changing your piggy’s food, keep an eye on their poops to make sure it’s not getting soft or mushy.

The best way to transition guinea pig pellets is over a three week period. Follow this schedule:

  • Week 1: Feed 75% of the old pellets and 25% of the new pellets each day.
  • Week 2: Feed 50% of the old and 50% of the new pellets each day.
  • Week 3: Feed 25% of the old and 75% of the new pellets each day.
  • Week 4: If yourguinea pig has no problems, feed the new pellets exclusively.

Occasionally your guinea pig may refuse to transition to a new pellet (especially if they were previously eating an unhealthy “junk mix”). They may pick out the old pellets and leave the new ones uneaten. In this case, you may want to continue feeding the old food (as long as it is healthy) or try a different brand.

Use this infographic as a handy guide:
How to Transition a Guinea Pig to New Pellets


Learn how to grow a guinea pig garden for fresh vegetables at home.